(Hebrew for “twelfth graders”). It is a movement of high school students that publicly, often in letters to the Israeli government, refuse to serve in the Israeli military due to their conscientious objection to human rights abuses by the Israeli military and other beliefs and values. By publicly refusing to serve, they often serve time in Israeli prison, as conscientious objection is not considered to be a valid reason to negate conscription according to Israeli law. See also Refuseniks. For information on refusal of military service in general, “Israel: Sanctions for and consequences of avoiding military service or refusing to bear arms or to follow orders from officers, including in battle zones; possibility for soldiers to sue officers for improper conduct or wrong-minded orders.” 11 March 2009. Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada. 22 May 2011. http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/docid/4a7040a4c.html. For a copy of the 2009-2010 Shministim letter, see “Our Letter.” 2009. Shministim.com. 22 May 2011. http://www.shministim.com/our-letter/.  http://www.justvision.org/glossary/shministim