(1918- ) South Africa’s most prominent black leader against the Apartheid regime. Mandela was imprisoned many times for his involvement in the African National Congress and its militant wing, Umkhonto we Sizwe, including from 1964-1982 when he was incarcerated at Robben Island Prison, and later at Pallsmoor Prison until 1990. Mandela became a strong advocate for nonviolence after his release from prison, and spear-headed the campaign that would eventually lead to multi-racial democracy in South Africa. He won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1993, and served as South Africa’s president from 1994-1999. See “Nelson Mandela: Biography.” Nobelprize.org. 19 October 2011. http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/1993/mandela-bio.html.  http://www.justvision.org/glossary/mandela-nelson